In applied behavioral analysis, what is the role of a reinforcer?

In applied behavior analysis (ABA), a reinforcer is used specifically to increase the frequency of a desired behavior. Reinforcers can be positive or negative; positive reinforcers add something pleasant to encourage the behavior, while negative reinforcers remove something unpleasant to achieve the same goal. The fundamental purpose of a reinforcer is to strengthen the likelihood that a behavior will occur again in the future, creating a clear link between the desired behavior and its rewarding consequence. This is central to the principles of behavior modification and skill acquisition in ABA.

In the context of the other options, punishing undesired behaviors would involve consequences that aim to reduce those behaviors rather than increase desired ones. Maintaining current behaviors may require different strategies that do not necessarily involve reinforcement. Lastly, distracting from disruptive behaviors does not address the underlying issues and does not promote the development of functional or appropriate alternative behaviors. Thus, the focus is primarily on reinforcement to shape and enhance positive behaviors effectively.