If a sixth-grader wears sunglasses at all times, what condition is most likely affecting him?

The condition most likely affecting the sixth-grader who wears sunglasses at all times is albinism. Albinism is a genetic condition that affects the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for coloring the skin, hair, and eyes. Individuals with albinism commonly have very light-sensitive eyes due to a lack of pigment in the iris, making them more sensitive to bright lights, glare, and UV rays. Consequently, they often wear sunglasses to protect their eyes from discomfort caused by sunlight and to reduce glare.

While other conditions such as retinopathy, color blindness, and cataracts can influence vision, they do not typically necessitate the constant use of sunglasses for comfort or protection in the same way that albinism does. Retinopathy involves damage to the retina, which may not result in increased light sensitivity. Color blindness, a deficiency in perception of colors, does not require wearing sunglasses as it pertains to color detection rather than light sensitivity. Cataracts, which involve clouding of the lens, can cause blurry vision and glare, but they do not typically lead a person to wear sunglasses at all times due to light sensitivity as seen with albinism. Hence, albinism is the most fitting choice in this scenario.